What is defined as the practice of racial discrimination or persecution?

Racism is the practice of racial discrimination or persecution, focusing on the belief that races possess intrinsic characteristics that determine their abilities and behaviors. This harmful ideology leads to systemic inequalities and injustices based on race, where individuals or groups are treated unjustly because of their racial or ethnic background.

For instance, racism can manifest in various forms, including social exclusion, discriminatory policies, and acts of violence targeted at particular racial groups. The recognition of racism as a societal problem has led to movements worldwide aimed at promoting racial equality and combating discrimination. Understanding this definition underscores the importance of fostering a society where individuals are judged based on their character and actions, rather than their race.

The other options relate to discrimination in various ways, but they capture different dimensions. Bias refers to a preference or inclination, often unconscious, that affects judgment or behavior. Segregation specifically refers to the enforced separation of different racial or ethnic groups, often in social, educational, or occupational contexts. Bigotry relates to intolerance toward those who hold different opinions, ideas, or beliefs, which can overlap with racism but is not limited to racial differences. The specificity of racism as a form of discrimination makes it the most accurate term for the question posed.