Which term refers to a formalized conception, notion, or attitude that may not be based on facts?

The term that refers to a formalized conception, notion, or attitude that may not be based on facts is "stereotype." Stereotypes are oversimplified ideas or beliefs about a particular group of people or things, and they often generalize characteristics to all members of that group without acknowledging individual differences. This can lead to misconceptions and biases, as stereotypes can perpetuate inaccurate perceptions based solely on superficial traits or experiences.

In contrast, prejudice refers to preconceived opinions or attitudes about individuals or groups that are often negative and based on stereotypes. Scapegoating involves blaming an individual or group for problems or misfortunes, particularly when that blame is unjustified. Discrimination is the unfair treatment of individuals based on characteristics such as race, age, gender, or other social identities. Each of these terms relates to judgment and bias, but stereotypes specifically focus on the oversimplified notions that often lack factual basis.